Case Study Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 - 2136 Words

Case Study #1: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Monay Link The University of Tampa Case Study #1: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is an endocrine disorder that has the potential to affect various major organs throughout its progression. Diabetes Mellitus is divided into three common categories: type 1 diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-insulin dependent), and gestational diabetes. Ninety percent of over 24 million people suffer from type 2 diabetes in the United States (Arcangelo Peterson, 2013). The pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes can be any combination of resistance to insulin, elevation in hepatic glucose production, or a pancreas that secretes less insulin than needed to control glucose levels†¦show more content†¦The gold standard for diagnosing type 2 diabetes is testing the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), or the average of the body’s blood sugar over three months’ time (Arcangelo Peterson, 2013). Other diagnostic testing include the fasting plasma glucose or the oral glucose tolerance test. The fasting gluco se is a lab draw taken when the patient has fasted (nothing by mouth) for eight hours or more (Arcangelo Peterson, 2013). Oral glucose tolerance testing is typically only used in diagnosing gestational diabetes. Normal glucose values are variable to each diagnostic test. The fasting plasma glucose is defined as a normal reading of 100. Postload glucose, or the reading two hours after a meal, is normally 140. The American Diabetes Association recommends a blood glucose log that tests before meals and two hours after each meal (ADA, 2015). Arcangelo and Peterson (2013) define an impaired fasting glucose as a reading above 100 but below 126, or a two hour postload glucose of 140-200. These values indicate a pre-diabetic state. Repeat diagnostic testing at a different time is warranted in the diagnosing of diabetes (Arcangelo Peterson, 2013). Recognition of drugs such as corticosteroids, thiazide diuretics, estrogen, beta blockers, and furosemide can explain a sudden increase in glu cose levels (Arcangelo Peterson, 2013). Case Presentation A 49 year old Caucasian female presents to the practice for her quarterly lab review. G.C. has been a patient forShow MoreRelatedType Ii Diabetes Mellitus. â€Å"In 2010, An Estimated 25.81470 Words   |  6 PagesType II Diabetes Mellitus â€Å"In 2010, an estimated 25.8 million people in the United States had diabetes mellitus, of which approximately 1 million have type 1 diabetes and most of the rest have type 2 diabetes † (Papadakis et al., 2014) That means that in 2010 about 24.8 million people suffered from type 2 diabetes. Diabetes mellitus is impaired insulin secretion and variable degrees or peripheral insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia (Porter, Kaplan, 2011). 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